非婚生子女父親的登記及管養權 Registration of Father of illegitimate child

 非婚生子女父親的登記及管養權

無論母親已婚與否，她均享有對於親生子女的權利。至於未婚父親，香港法例第174章《生死登記條例》第12條規定非婚生子女的父親必須申請登記在出才能確認父親的身份，並有助他取得子女的管養權。在C v S [2017] HKFLR 562一案中，父親根據第12條在子女的出生證明文件上登記，確立了父親的身份，於是父親嘗試爭取作為父親的權利。法庭基於對子女的利益為最重要的考慮為由，而且父親的身份已明確地按法律登記，所以父親仍然能夠探望和照顧他的非婚生子女，法庭不會因為父母沒有結婚而剥奪子女與父親成長的機會。

非婚生子女出世時，其父親的身份不一定登記在子女的出生證明文件上。當然，父親能夠在日後根據第12A提出申請，重新登記其父親的身份。父母身份或婚姻註冊時，父親也可根據第12B重新登記。而供應配子的人獲法庭認定為父母也可按第12C重新登記出生證明文件上父母的身份。第12D則規定使用以往的出生登記記項副本前必須得到登記官的同意。

非婚生子女父親的登記或重生登記可由該名子女的母親或父親或兩者一同提出。如果要求由母親提出，她須出示她的聲明書述明該人為該名子女的父親及父親的法定聲明書述明他本人為該名子女的父親；如果要求由父親提出，他須出示他本人的聲明書並述明他本人為該名子女的父親及該名子女的母親所作的法定聲明書並述明該人為該名子女的父親；與此同時，父母雙方可一同提出要求登記父親的身份。如果父母任何一方有法庭的相關命令，則可出示該命令提出登記。如果子女年滿16歲則須於命令附上子女的同意書。歡迎致電或WhatsApp 69776708 林先生查詢報價及預約。

Registration of Father of illegitimate child

A mother always has the same rights to her child whether the child is legitimate or not. However, the natural father, if unmarried, must register under s.12 of the Births and Deaths Registration Ordinance (Cap.174) before he can be recognized as the father on the birth certificate, which allows him to obtain the parental rights regarding the child as illustrated in C v S [2017] HKFLR 562 that the father who registered under s.12 could argue in favour for his rights towards the illegitimate child.

If a child is born out of wedlock, the identity of the father may or may not be registered on the birth certificate. However, the father may re-register his name if no person has been registered as the father on the birth certificate under s.12A. He can also re-register after court declarations of parentage under s.12B or parental order under s.12C. s.12D requires applicants to obtain the consent of the Registrar before making any certified copy of any previous entry of that birth.

The request for a registration or re-registration can be made by the mother or the illegitimate child, or their joint request. If a request is made by the mother, she shall produce a declaration by her stating that person is the father of the child and a statutory declaration made by that person stating himself to be the father of the child. If the father makes such a request, he shall produce a declaration by himself stating that he is the father of the child and a statutory declaration by other stating that person is the father of the child. The father and the mother may also make a joint request to state that person is the father of the child. Both parents may also make a request if they can produce relevant court orders relating to the illegitimate a child and an agreement by the child to consent the registration if he is 16 years old or above.